Exhibit 604

Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease (Cochrane Review CD011737)

Exhibit 604 · Cochrane systematic review

Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease (Cochrane Review CD011737)

The findings of this updated review suggest that reducing saturated fat intake for at least two years causes a potentially important reduction in combined cardiovascular events.

Fifteen randomized trials, 56,675 participants, at least 24 months. Reducing saturated fat lowered combined cardiovascular events (risk ratio 0.83, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.98, moderate-quality evidence). Little or no effect on all-cause mortality (RR 0.96, 0.90 to 1.03) or cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.95, 0.80 to 1.12).

Source: Hooper L, Martin N, Jimoh OF, Kirk C, Foster E, Abdelhamid AS; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020(5):CD011737
Date: 21 August 2020
Quoted from: Abstract, Authors' conclusions
Grade: Peer-reviewed
Document: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3
Accessed: 2026-11-09
Cited by: Findings citing this exhibit
Note: Several trials gave more than saturated-fat advice.

Cited by

Finding AGR-2.14: Peer-reviewed A 2020 Cochrane review of 15 randomized trials (56,675 participants) found that reducing saturated fat lowered combined cardiovascular events (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.98) with little or no effect on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. A 2017 American Heart Association advisory concluded that replacing saturated fat with mostly refined carbohydrates and sugars is not associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease.