Exhibit 706 ยท Working paper abstract
Partisan Politics and the U.S. Income Distribution (Russell Sage Foundation working paper abstract; basis of chapter 2 of Unequal Democracy)
On average, families at the 95th percentile of the income distribution have experienced identical income growth under Democratic and Republican presidents, while those at the 20th percentile have experienced more than four times as much income growth under Democrats as they have under Republicans.
Reports large, consistent differences in real pre-tax family income growth under Democratic and Republican presidents in the post-war United States. Families at the 95th percentile saw identical growth under both parties and families at the 20th percentile more than four times as much under Democrats. Bartels attributes the gap to unemployment (30 percent lower under Democratic presidents on average) and GDP growth (30 percent higher). This is an outcome by party of president; it does not measure whose stated preferences became policy.
- Source
- Larry M. Bartels, Princeton University, for the Russell Sage Foundation
- Date
- 2005
- Quoted from
- Abstract
- Grade
- Peer-reviewed
- Document
- https://www.russellsage.org/node/4351
- Accessed
- 2026-11-09
- Cited by
- Findings citing this exhibit